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Tag: Layer 2

STP and RSTP on Cisco IOS-XE: Spanning Tree Configuration, Tuning, and Troubleshooting
Blog

STP and RSTP on Cisco IOS-XE: Spanning Tree Configuration, Tuning, and Troubleshooting

09/13/2026 by Sarah Chen 14 min read

A deep dive into Spanning Tree Protocol on Cisco IOS-XE: how STP and RSTP work, how to configure Root Bridge priority, PortFast, BPDUGuard, Root Guard, Loop Guard, and UDLD, and how to troubleshoot the most common STP failure scenarios in production networks.

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Networking

STP and RSTP on Cisco IOS-XE: Troubleshooting Loops, PortFast, BPDU Guard, and Root Bridge Control

08/11/2026 by Sarah Chen 13 min read

A practical deep dive into Spanning Tree Protocol and RSTP on Cisco IOS-XE. Covers root bridge election, PortFast, BPDU Guard, Root Guard, Loop Guard, Bridge Assurance, TCN storm troubleshooting, and Catalyst 9000 gotchas with real show command output.

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Crypto & Blockchain

Zero-Knowledge Proofs Demystified: ZK-Rollups, zkEVMs, and Ethereum’s Scaling Endgame in 2026

08/02/2026 by Sarah Chen 11 min read

A sharp technical breakdown of how ZK-rollups work, where the major zkEVMs stand in 2026, what it actually costs to transact on each, and why this matters for every serious DeFi participant.

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Zero-Knowledge Proofs in 2026: How zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs Are Reshaping Blockchain Privacy and Scalability
Crypto & Blockchain

Zero-Knowledge Proofs in 2026: How zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs Are Reshaping Blockchain Privacy and Scalability

06/28/2026 by Sarah Chen 11 min read

A technical deep dive into zero-knowledge proofs — what SNARKs and STARKs are, how they differ, and why they’re now the backbone of blockchain scaling, privacy, and DeFi compliance in 2026.

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Ethereum Layer 2 Explained: Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base
Crypto & Blockchain

Ethereum Layer 2 Explained: Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base

02/15/2026 by Sarah Chen 12 min read

A clear breakdown of Ethereum Layer 2 solutions — how rollups work, and a deep dive into Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base.

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